AUTHOR=Saleh A. A. , El-Hefnawy S. M. , Kasemy Z. A. , Alhagaa A. A. , Nooh M. Z. , Arafat E. S. 

TITLE=Mi-RNA-93 and Mi-RNA-152 in the Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy

JOURNAL=British Journal of Biomedical Science

VOLUME=79

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontierspartnerships.org/journals/british-journal-of-biomedical-science/articles/10.3389/bjbs.2021.10192

DOI=10.3389/bjbs.2021.10192

ISSN=2474-0896

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background and Aim:</bold> Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder with diabetic retinopathy (DR) as one of its main microvascular outcomes, being a prime cause of vision loss. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been associated with some diabetic microvascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy. This hypothesised changes in the serum of miR-93 and miR-152 in diabetes and diabetic retinopathy.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> The study cohort consisted of 80 healthy volunteers, 80 type 2 diabetic patients, and 80 diabetic retinopathy patients, of whom 40 had proliferative (PDR) and 40 non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR). Serum fasting and 2-hour postprandial glucose (2hPP), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR were evaluated by routine methods, miR-93 and miR-152 expression by quantitative real-time PCR.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> FBG, 2hPP, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and miR-152 showed an increasing trend across groups while miR-93 showed a decreasing trend (all <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis for prediction of DR found that the most significant were miR-152 (OR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.18–1.58, &lt;0.001), BMI (1.13, [1.07–1.31], <italic>p</italic> = 0.004), duration of disease (1.29 [1.04–1.6] <italic>p</italic> = 0.018), and miR-152 (0.01, [0.0–0.47] <italic>p</italic> = 0.019). The most significant predictors of PDR were miR-152 (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.12–1.92, <italic>p</italic> = 0.005), HOMA-IR (2.66 [1.30–5.45] <italic>p</italic> = 0.007), and miR-93 (0.25 [0.07–0.86] <italic>p</italic> = 0.028).</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> MiR-93 and miR-152 can differentiate patients with diabetes and those with DR. Both miRNAs might be potential biomarkers for diabetes and diabetic retinopathy, and specifically for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.</p>