AUTHOR=Sarin Shlok , Lawal Temitope , Abboud Hesham TITLE=Spinal dystonia and other spinal movement disorders JOURNAL=Dystonia VOLUME=2 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontierspartnerships.org/journals/dystonia/articles/10.3389/dyst.2023.11303 DOI=10.3389/dyst.2023.11303 ISSN=2813-2106 ABSTRACT=

While traditionally considered a disorder of the basal ganglia, brainstem, and cerebellum, multiple reports have shown that spinal cord pathologies may lead to dystonia. In this article, we first discuss various spinal movement disorders and the differences between tonic spasms, spinal dystonia, spinal myoclonus, spinal tremors, and paroxysmal dyskinesia. We review potential pathogenesis of spinal dystonia. We then focus on reports of dystonia secondary to spinal cord demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. We conclude by discussing the potential treatment options for spinal dystonia.