Vitamin D plays a crucial role in human health and disease, with its effects extending beyond bone health to various aspects of general well-being. Vitamin D deficiency is common, especially during the winter months, and has been linked to the development and/or progression of several diseases, including cancer, hypertension, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, muscle weakness, and diabetes. Several population-based studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is widespread in the industrialized world, with people typically having serum 25(OH)D levels below the optimal range, which increases the risk for certain adverse outcomes. The role of vitamin D in disease prevention is an active area of research. While observational studies suggest a strong association between vitamin D and a lower incidence of certain diseases, clinical trials in which vitamin D supplements have been administered to influence certain diseases have not produced conclusive results. In addition, vitamin D supplementation has been the subject of trials and meta-analyses related to cardiovascular disease. Research into the potential benefits and harms of vitamin D in relation to cardiovascular health is still ongoing. The role of vitamin D in health and disease is complex, and ongoing research is shedding light on its effects on various aspects of human physiology and pathology. The widespread vitamin D deficiency underscores the need for greater public and health professional awareness and consideration of comprehensive measures to address this issue.

This Special Issue welcomes contributions that enhance our understanding of the role of vitamin D role in health and disease. Possible areas of interest include:
● Vitamin D deficiency
● Health benefits
● Immunological effects
● Role in various diseases (cardiovascular, gastroenterological, diabetes, cancer)
● Mechanism of action
● Total, bioavailable and free fraction of vitamin D
● Vitamin D and oxidative stress
● Influence on the aging process in humans
● The sources of vitamin D
● Supplementation and fortification
● Analytical advances in vitamin D research

We would like to acknowledge Vid Vičič who has acted as coordinator and has contributed to the preparation of the proposal for this article collection.

For authors, please review the journal's information regarding Author Guidelines and Article Processing Charges, or direct any questions to the Editorial Office: abp@frontierspartnerships.org.

Article types and fees

This Special Issue accepts the following article types, unless otherwise specified in the Special Issue description:

• Brief Research Report
• Mini Review
• Opinion
• Original Research
• Perspective
• Review
• Systematic Review

Articles that are accepted for publication by our external editors following rigorous peer review incur a publishing fee charged to Authors, institutions, or funders.

Article types

This Special Issue accepts the following article types, unless otherwise specified in the Special Issue description:

• Brief Research Report
• Mini Review
• Opinion
• Original Research
• Perspective
• Review
• Systematic Review

Keywords: Vitamin D, mechanism of action, oxidative stress, diseases, supplementation